The severe social fractures in Brazil are well known, but in the recent context of election dispute it is worth considering three dimensions that can help an international reader to comprehend the contradictions and challenges that the country is facing, which are at once historical, socioeconomic, and political. The historical dimension More than 500 years after the first missions of evangelization, the brutal impact of...
In his 2017 book On Extremism and Democracy in Europe Cas Mudde argues that the main struggle of populist radical right parties is to increase the saliency of “their” issues, such as corruption, immigration, and security. Far-right populism, by denying the existence of distinct interests in a population, and by imposing a monolithic and essentialist notion of “people” against a corrupt “elite,”...
Portugal is a semi-peripheral country that underwent a democratic transition in 1974, following a long period of dictatorship (starting in 1926). The authoritarian “Estado Novo” (New State) was established by the Constitution of 1933, which laid the normative foundations of a fascistic corporatism that legitimated state control over trade unions and built on the violent repression of workers. ...
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